Research:What Is Genre And Teen Drama?(task8)

Genre: A category of film, for example, horror, comedy, romance
Teen Drama: A drama series (or film) that is heavily focused on teenage characters

Larger budget films, such as 10 Things I Hate About You and Mean Girls have more credits in their title sequences than lower budget films, such as My Brother The Devil and Beautiful Thing.

Title sequence of '10 Thing I Hate About You' included:

• Production company
• Title
• Cast
• Casting director
• Music director
• Executive music producer
• Associate producer
• Co-producer
• Editor
• Production designer
• Executive producer
• Producer
• Script writers
• Director

Title sequence of 'Mean Girls' included:

• Paramount
• Paramount pictures
• Lindsey Lohan (main character)
• Title
• Cast
• Casting director
• Author of the book the film is based on
• Music supervisors
• Co-producer
• Costume designer
• Editor
• Production designer
• Director of photography
• Executive producer
• Producer
• Director

Title sequence of 'My Brother The Devil' included: 

• Film company
• Production company
• Cast
• Executive producer
• Producers
• Director

Title sequence of 'Beautiful Thing' included:

• Channel 4 films
• Cast
• Title
• Writer
• Producer
• Director

The amount of credits shown in the title sequence may reflect on the film's budget. The larger budget films are required to credit the 'important' people involved in the film. They're credited in order of importance and before the film is made, lawyer of each cast member, production team etc. battle on whose name is credited first. Lower budget films don't credit all of the behind the scenes people, such as the costume designer, music director and casting director.

Budget of '10 Things About You:

• Budget: $16millionUSD
• Opening weekend: £439,976 (UK, July 4th 1999)/ $8,330,631(US, April 4th 1999)
• Box office: $53million USD

Budget of 'Mean Girls':

• Budget: $17million
• Opening weekend: £1,393,494 (UK, June 20th 2004)/ $24,432,145(US, May 2nd 2004)
• Box office: $129million USD

Budget of 'My Brother The Devil':

• Budget: £690,000 
• Opening weekend: $10,305 (US, March 24th 2013)
• Box office: £1.2million

Budget of 'Beautiful Thing':

• Budget: unknown
• Opening weekend: $33,931 (US, October 11th 1996)
• Box office: £3million

Research:Audience Research For Mean Girls (2004) (task10)

What is an audience?
An audience is a group of people who listen or watch an event, such as a film, concert or meeting.

How do we define 'target audience'?
A particular group that a product, such as a film, is aimed at. Target audiences can be grouped by;

• Age
• Gender
• Class
• Ethnic group
• Interests
• Uses and gratifications

The audience that watches Mean Girls is different to what I expected. According to https://yougov.co.uk/profiler#/ females ages 25-39 watch Mean Girls. As Mean Girls is a High School Drama, many would believe that teenage girls, who could possibly relate to some of the storylines expressed in the film, would watch it.

Research:Categorizing Title Sequences (task6)

Titles over moving images:

Main conventions and reasons for use:

• Merges the credit titles with moving images behind the titles
• Usually no dialogue
• Moving images creates a metaphor/ narrative, allowing the audience to become aware of the storyline

Examples/thoughts of this type of title sequence:

• Skyfall (2012) uses titles over moving images (see below for clip of title sequence)
• The image gives a better understanding of the location(setting) of the film
• Also gives the audience a good impression of which period the film is set
• The title sequence gives a preview of the film, giving the audience an idea of the film's genre

Titles on a blank screen:

Main conventions and reasons for use:

• Most common type of title sequence
• Features different types of font on a plain background
• White font on a black background creates high contrast
• Used in low budget films

Examples/thoughts of this type of title sequence:

• Pshyco by Alfred Hitchcock uses titles over a blank screen
• Simple and easy to understand
• No snippets of the film, creating tension for the audience

Titles on a still image:

Main conventions and reasons for use:

• More elaborate than the title being on a blank screen
• Title cards are developed for specific films
• Hints the genre of the film
• Combination of media is used to create the background (music/images)

Examples/thoughts of this type of title sequence:

• Kyle Cooper made a title sequence for Wimbledon using titles over still images
• Text can be seen in different directions (can reflect on the theme of the film)
• Image links to the music/theme and text
• The audience can associate the title card with the film

Titles using animation of motion:

Main conventions and reasons for use:

• Animated text became popular in the last 1990's
• Moving image and text
• Digital technology is used
• Stylised editing to fit to the film's theme

Examples/thoughts of this type of title sequence:

• Catch Me If You Can uses title using animation/motion (see below for clip of sequence)
• Each animation is linked to theme of the film

Audience Research - Inbetweeners Movie - Task 10.

Categorizing Title Sequences - Task 6.

1. Titles on a blank screen

- Most common type of title sequence.

- Involves different kinds of type face on a black background.

- White typeface > black background to create a high contrast.

- Low budget and simple information of film.

Alred Hitchcock's Psycho 

- Easy to understand, simple, music to set an atmosphere. 

- Type face and graphics & shapes relevant to the movie to engender a sense of what the film will be about and contain.

Pulp Fiction 

- Text/typeface presented in all different angles.

- Bright yellow on a black background.

2. Titles on still images

- More elaborate than simple white text on a black background.

- Title cards developed to include hand drawn borders and other images.

- Move past text with a visual image to hint at the tone or genre of the film.

- Requires combining different media to make the background.

- Use of music and images to explore theme.

Wimbledon 

- Typeface in all different directions.

- Images synchronises with text and background music.

- Accompany the credits and allows audience to recognise the contribuitions to the film.

3. Titles over moving images

- Incorporates the credit titles with moving images behind the titles, sound and theres usually no dialouge involved. 

- Moving images offer > methaphor or narrative (introduces the tone and storyline thread).

Alfred Hitchcock's Rear Window
- Image and background gives an impression of the main location & setting.
- The movie's name is "Rear Window", opening shows a specific window, in relation to the movie.
- The background music and graphics/animation gives and idea of what period of time it is.
- Sneak preview of what the film's about to get an idea of the genre/theme.

4. Titles using Animation or Motion

- Late 1990's, the use of the animated text in the title sequence became popular.

- Moving image and title integrated together.

- Requires a lot of digital technology and stylised editing.

Casino Royale

- Symbolic images and shapes of what will happen in the movie.

- Foreshadowing scenes within the animation.

- Each animation and image is relevant to the theme ( links together).

2 most important categories > Titles with moving images and titles built around animation.

Analysis of Title Sequences. St Joan vs. The Lego Movie

I'm Saint Joan (1957)

• Is roughly 50 seconds

• The lettering in the title sequence was created by Harold Adler.

• The credits went as following:

production, who wrote the actual play, Bernard Shaw, who it stars, who wrote the screenplay, music, production design, photography, camera operator, art director, editor, technical adviser, casting director, sound, wardrobe, make up, hairdressing, who the titles were by, Saul Bass, associate producer, production manager, assistant director, script supervisor, where it was produced, Shepperton Studios, England and who produced/directed the film.

• The title sequence was designed by Saul Bass - A graphic designer, best known for his  title sequences. 

• Saint Joan's title sequence was in grey scale, this included the credits, with black church bells. 

~ The church bells suggests that the film has something to do with Christianity and the church. It links to this the title as Saints are very important people within the church.

~ The colour scheme suggests that the movie is either a horror film, or portrays the darker side of the church, as it is dark , dull and mysterious.

~ The credits are in the middle of the screen, they fade in and out, they are light grey and there is never at time that at least one credit is on the screen.

• I like this title sequence because despite the fact that it is simple, you are still able to predict what the film is about and where it may be set.

The Lego Movie (2014)

•Is roughly 3 minutes 

•The title starts with the end in a movie theatre then shows the credits, it starts with the directors 

•Then it moves to a work table which displays the screen writers and producers 

• It then moves to outside in a hollywood type strip/ airport/ then the sky/ then to a mass production factory and displays the executive producers. Still in the factory it goes to the inside one of the machines and displays the animation supervisor, it then tells you that the film is based on lego toys.

•Then it then shows a clip of a large robot destroying a city displaying the cinematographer and production designer 

• It then goes on a DJ Deck and shows who it was edited by, who did the music 

• The feature animation, who was by animal logic, comes out in a dragons flames, then co- producer is displayed

• The associate producers and casting director is displayed in a scene with mechanical hands 

• Then the actors who voiced the characters are displayed: 

~ two of the actors who played the Lego characters are then displayed, whilst the city is being built/ renovated  

~another is in a scene with spray cans

~the actor who voiced is displayed in batmans cave 

~two actors displayed whilst the image is of a boat and rainbow 

~the next is displayed in space then in a police chase in the city 

~then in the Wild West 

~you then see the production company, Warner Bros on a orange background 

~popcorn being made and buttered, a hotdog being made, a plane  dragging a banner displayed the associate production companies 

• The title is then shown showin all the mini clips we saw.

• The scenes behind each credit links to the person being credited as well as linking to the film. For example, some of the executive producers are shown in a mass production factory  and the main character works in a Lego company. Also the actor who is credited in Batman's cave is Batman in the film. Moreover, the work table represent the human in the film who made the Lego world during the film and the credits of the producer and screenwriters are some of the main people in terms of making the film.

• The showing of the title shows all the scenes in the film, it sets all the main locations.

• The font of the film is unknown however it is in a pixel form, this represents Lego blocks 

• The music is the main song throughout the film

• They had to completely change the title sequence because the original animation looked flat 

• I like this title sequence because it's bright and eye catching, the music is also very catchy. This gives the impression that the film will be fun to watch.

 

What is a title sequence

A title sequence is a method in which films or programmes present their title.

A title sequence should tell you about the film or programme and its plot, where the main location(s) is, who the main actor(s) is, set the atmosphere of the film or programme, tell us what genre the film or programme is, it should captivating and coherent and it should take you out of the real world and in to the film or programmes world as well as setting the right mood. As a whole, a title sequence should present the film or programme and preview what it is about.

Researching Title Sequences 

Skyfall includes:

• Fire, blood, dragons, drowning, shootings, guns, bullet holes, some images of James Bond and epic/dramatic music.

• The title sequence foreshadows what the film is about as well as linking it to the previous bond films.

~ For example: The drowning in the title sequence links to Bond's girlfriend drowning the the prior movie 

The Chinese dragons refers to one of the film's locations.

The bullet holes link together each scene in the title sequence.

 

Juno includes: 

• The main character and sets the scene. It sets the scene by having country music playing, a banjo is one of the instruments, which suggests that it is set in a small town in one of America's southern states.

Analysis of title sequences - Task 4.

1. Saint Joan (1957).

- Sticks to a black and white colour scheme throughout title sequence.
- Explores a simplicity feel, as the title sequence consists of the same shapes repeatedly.
- Title sequence is full of movement and patterns. 
- Dominant shape used > a church bell swinging back and fourth. 
- Shows that the Church will play a big role/location in this movie.
- The colour scheme and effect shows that it's been created a long time ago.
- Starts with the production title, then introduces main characters.
- Frame of the font changes, from left, right and centre.
- The intro music starts off calm then gradually builds up.
- The title sequence goes straight to point.
- The music and graphics, sets a mysterious and horrifying atmosphere, as towards the end we see shapes of a body chopped up.
- Shapes and cut out animation to demonstrate what the film will be about. 
- Title sequence uses a lot of shapes instead of actual clips from the movie.
- The shapes symbolises what the movie will consist of, instead of using characters.
- I liked this title sequence as it was short and got straight to the point, and the simplicity of the whole title sequence. 

Designed by Saul Bass - A graphic designer, best known for his motion pictures title sequences, corporate logos and film posters. Which includes cut-out animations. Saul Bass once stated that his main goal for his title sequences as being to ‘’try to reach for a simple, visual phrase that tells you what the picture is all about and evokes the essence of the story”.

2. Too many cooks (2014). 

- Starts off with the scenery of the location, then a house with an american flag placed outside (shows where it is set). 
- Shows a house and introduces family members. 
- Gives the impression that it is a family like film.
- Series of intro's to each characters with contrasting backgrounds/locations to illustrate the character's personalities and mood. 
- The background song synchronises with what's going on in the scenes. 
- Compared to the first title sequence, it is very long.
- Each character links to one another, to introduce everyone involved in the film.
- The font is placed in the centre of whoever is being introduced, to show who's which character.
- The title sequence, explores a range of different moods based on each character. 
- Explores a humorous feel. 
- Each character looks at the camera, which makes the audience feel welcomed. 
- Has a  1980s-style television title sequence feel.  
- I like this title sequence as it shows a sense of what each character is like and sets a positive atmosphere to what the film will include. 
- Combination of mix genres, cartoons, superhero, family, comedy and sci-fi.
- Parody of a 80's TV sitcom.
- The fonts were experimental as it was placed in all sorts of different angles.

What is a Title Sequence - Task 3.

What is a title sequence?
- A title sequence is a form of how a movie/television show approaches their audience, through the use of presenting their cast members, title and main production.

- Consisting of sound, conceptual visuals & sets a certain atmosphere/mood.

Research:What Do We Expect To See In A Title Sequence? (task4)

Two different title sequences were analysed;Skyfall and Juno

Skyfall: is a discrete title sequence and includes;

• Dramatic music- setting the mood of the film
• Fire, blood, dragons; helish
• Water- drowning
• Shadows
• Shooting- guns- bullet holes motif is seen throughout the sequence
• Links to previous James Bond movies
• Foreshadowing the events and locations in the film (dragons shows that the film is set in China for certain scenes)

1. Which credits do we see and the order we see them in? In this title sequence we firstly see the production company's name, Albert  R.Broccoli's Eon Productions LTD, followed by the principal character, Daniel Craig (as James Bond 007) We then see 10 other main actors' and actress' names in the following order; Javier Bardem, Ralph Fiennes, Naomie Harris, Berenice Lim Marlohe, Ben Whishaw, Rory Kinnear, Ola Rapace, Albert Finney and  Judi Dench, all on individual shots.The co-producers are then shown, Andrew Noakes and David Pope.  The people involved in pre-production are then credited including, script supervisor (Jayne Ann Tenggren), assistant director (Terry Madden),the make-up designer (Naomi Donne) and hair designer (Zoe Tahir). People involved in post-production are credited afterwards, such as, the editor (Stuart Baird).  Adele, singer and co-writer of the song 'Skyfall' which is being played throughout the title sequence is then credited. The director, Sam Mendes is last to be credited.
2. What font type is used for the titles? The font used for the titles is very similar to the Nuetraface No.2
3. How do we see the font? The font is seen at the bottom, centre and corners of the frame.
4. What happens behind the font? Behind the font are motifs, foreshadowing of the film and photos of the film.
5. What do you like about this title sequence? I like this title sequence because it's mysterious and makes you wonder about the film. The gunshot motifs draw you into the sequence

Juno: This title sequence includes;

• The main character being presented 
• The location of the film made clear to the audience- small American town (cars/ streets)
• Country music is being played- banjo is the main instrument 

1. Which credits do we see and the order we see them in? The production company's name is shown first, Fox Searchlight Pictures. The director's name is shortly after, Jason Reitman. The cast is then introduced; Ellen Page, Michael Cera, Jennifer Garner, Jason Bateman, Allison Janney, J.K. Simmons and Olivia Thirlby. The production team is shown afterwards, including the casting director (Mindy Marin), costume designer (Monique Prudhomme), film editor (Dana E. Glauberman) and script writer (Diablo Cody) 
2. What font type is used for the titles? The font used in the title sequence is sketchy and uneven, whereas the font used in Skyfall and even, neat font. The font is colourful and changes colour during some of the credits. Each letter is a slightly different size.
3. How do we see the font? The font is seen at the bottom, centre and corners of the frame, like Slyfall.
4. What happens behind the font? Behind the font is the hand-drawn settings of the film, resembling the settings seen in the film.
5. What do you like about this title sequence? I like this title sequence because, although it doesn't give you a clear understanding of the storyline, it makes you want to know what's about to happen. 

Research:What Is A Title Sequence? (task3)

A Title Sequence Ensures That:

• The plot of the film is reflected in the title sequence
• The setting of the film is clear to the audience (either through landmarks or accents)
• The film is associated with a particular font 
• The genre of the film is hinted to the audience (through mise-en-scene- darker lighting may hint that the genre of the film in horror or thriller)
• The audience is drawn to the film
• The main characters, name of the movie and production team are clear to the audience
• The main characters are credited in order of importance (principal characters are credited first)
• The audience is taken into the world of the film

Our Prelim Film

27. PRELIM Rachael Danica Gabrielle from 283goswell on Vimeo.

My Prelim Film - Task 2.

Hey, We are Group 28

From left to right

Danica Sode
Mimi Dang
Gabi Vincent